2008. 2012 Apr;24(2):222-7. found in the oriental region of the world. It causes pentastomiasis and respiratory tract disorder in reptiles or carnivores and herbivorous mammals and rarely human. Fragments were combined to a consensus sequence with the GENEDOC sequence editor (www.nrbsc.org/gfx/genedoc), and deposited in GenBank (accession no. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. The rabbit becomes infected upon consumption of eggs shed by respiratory excretions of the definitive hosts which include dogs and occasionally humans (Schoeb et al., 2007). The present study was registered at Arak University of Medical Sciences (Grant No. Google Scholar, Gokpinar S, Aydenzoz M (2010) Protozoons and arthropods found in eyes. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1984.33.187, Article Grants DRL 0089283, DRL 0628151, DUE 0633095, DRL 0918590, and DUE 1122742. South-Eastern Iran-Case Report Iran J Parasitol 9(2):282, PubMed Linguatula serrata, the so-called tongue worm, is a worm-like, bloodsucking parasite belonging to the Pentastomida group. (Drabick, 1987; Hami, et al., 2009), Linguatula serrata is an opportunist and can infect humans and other omnivores in their immature or mature stages, depending on their diet. eCollection 2020 Apr. Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan species and both larval and nymphal stages have been recorded from humans in Africa, Europe, and the Americas [13]. In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database, and Irandoc) and reviewed. volume45,pages 5058 (2021)Cite this article. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 34:137144, PubMed Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 4 (3): 25-31. American Journal of Tropical Medicine, 33 (1): 187-189. ISSN 15432165, Seventh Ed, Philadelphia: W.B. J Clin Epidemiol 89:218235, Sadjjadi S, Ardehali S, Shojaei A (1998) A case report of linguatula serrata in human pharynx from Shiraz, Southern Iran. Koehsler M, Walochnik J, Georgopoulos M, et al. Parasitology, 86: 59-83. Morphology of Linguatula serrata tongue worm. 2011-04-20T11:09:33-04:00 Figure 2. The pandemic of COVID-19 in worldwide causes recent millions of morbidity and mortality in all countries and is the most important challenge in the world in recent years. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. A prevalence of 38.57% and 35.67% was recorded in 2010 and 2011, respectively, in Jalingo, Taraba State. PubMed Although the distribution of this pentastomid is almost global, it is predominantly prevalent in warm subtropical and temperate regions. Epub 2018 Dec 6. Linguatulosis is a condition associated with the organism Linguatula serrata.. living in landscapes dominated by human agriculture. PScript5.dll Version 5.2 Georgopoulos M, Pruente C, Boeckeler W, et al. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Find details on Linguatula serrata in dogs including diagnosis and symptoms, active forms, resting forms, clinical effects, treatment and more. Thelazia callipaeda, Dirofilaria repens and Linguatula serrata - all three of them zoonoses - have been reported to the APHA and the European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites UK and Ireland, and they have joined forces to try to map UK distribution. Elham Sadat Banimostafavi or Mahdi Fakhar. We describe a case of ocular linguatulosis in central Europe and provide molecular data on L. serrata tongue worms. Epub 2017 Aug 31. with a review on ivermectin treatment in reindeer . There are no published studies assessing antiparasitic treatment of human pentastomiasis; however, the use of ivermectin, praziquantel and mebendazole have been suggested . The authors declare no conflict of interest. Emerging Infectious Diseases . Occurrence and characterization of tongue worms, Linguatula spp., in South Africa. J Kermanshah Univ Med Sci 19:5861, Khalil GM (1972) Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida) parasitizing humans and animals in Egypt, neighbouring countres, and elsewhere: a review. The worm is colorless and transparent. a species most common in Europe, but also found in the U.S., South America, and probably elsewhere; the adult is a whitish, soft, flattened, anulated worm equipped with hooks by which it attaches itself to the nasal mucosa of dogs and other canids; the larvae develop in the liver and lymph nodes of rodents, swine . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07272-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07272-y. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Department of Infectious Diseases, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Zahra Nasiri,Sahar Saeedinia,Mahnaz khamseh,Mohadeseh Mohammad Salehi&Mina Zamani, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, You can also search for this author in https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1705.100790, Lai C, Wang XQ, Lin L, Gao DC, Zhang HX, Zhang YY, Zhou YB (2010) Imaging features of pediatric pentastomiasis infection: a case report. The cuticle showed 94 rings and conspicuous spicules (Figure 1, panel D). uuid:d086885c-dd60-41fd-be47-b0934fd3ce84 Researchers think eggs were passed into the eye by contact with one of the dogs, which is often a final host for the parasite. Pesquisa de informao mdica. (Tavassoli, et al., 2007). Synapomorphy of the Bilateria. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00111. During 2009-2011 the autopsy was performed on 42 legally hunted grey. 2003; 50:466-467. doi: 10.1046/j.0931-1793.2003.00705.x. are found in the nasal passages and frontal sinuses of dogs . Larval L. serrata normaly measure 3-4 mm. Sequence similarities to other pentastomids range from 90.0% (Armillifer agkistrodontis, Porocephalus crotali) to 90.8% (Raillietiella spp.). The group itself is divided into 2 orders, the more primitive Cephalobaenida and the more advanced Porocephalida. Shamsi S, Barton D P, Zhu Xi, Jenkins DJ (2020 a). Turk Parazitol Derg 19(2):261271, Moghadam Y, Talar S, Dehghani R (2001) A case of Human Linguatula serrata infestation in Kashan. 1983. Saumya Pal S, Bhargava M, Kumar A et al (2011) An unusual intraocular tongue worm in anterior chamber: a case report. Symptoms of infection were mainly observed in the upper respiratory tract in most reports, the patients status was improved by removing the parasite from the infected organ. The adult worm lives in the nasal cavities and sinuses and . a wetland area that may be permanently or intermittently covered in water, often dominated by woody vegetation. We assumed the mode of infection to be ingestion or direct eye contact with L. serrata eggs and the source of infection to be 1 of the patients 2 pet dogs. Linguatula serrata is a species of cosmopolitan zoonotic parasite, belonging to the tongueworm order Pentastomida.They are wormlike parasites of the respiratory systems of vertebrates. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8(7):e3041. Linguatula serrata can be found in several countries in Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Europe, North Africa, and the Americas. and across multiple seasons (or other periods hospitable to reproduction). Animals with bilateral symmetry have dorsal and ventral sides, as well as anterior and posterior ends. Epub 2018 Mar 7. (8) and could thus be identified as a third instar larva of L. serrata tongue worm. Hajipour N, Tavassoli M (2019) Prevalence and associated risk factors of Linguatula serrata infection in definitive and intermediate hosts in Iran and other countries: a systematic review. Vete Parasitol: Reg Stud Rep 13:135140, Janbakhsh A, Hamzavi Y, Babaei P (2015) The first case of human infestation with Linguatula serrata in Kermanshah province. government site. A prevalence of 38.57% and 35.67% was recorded in 2010 and 2011, respectively, in Jalingo, Taraba State. IJP: Parasites and Wildlife 11: 268281. 1984. . Iran J Med Sci 27(4):191192, Sulyok M, Rzsa L, Bod I et al (2014) Ocular pentastomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Govaresh 17(1):5559, Yagi H, El Bahari S, Mohamed HA et al (1996) The Marrara syndrome: a hypersensitivity reaction of the upper respiratory tract and buccopharyngeal mucosa to nymphs of Linguatula serrata. It behaves very much like a worm. In other words, Central and South America. Part of Springer Nature. Effect of age, sex, and season on the prevalence of Linguatula serrata infestation in mesenteric lymph nodes of goats slaughtered in Tabriz, Iran. The Altmetric Attention Score for a research output provides an indicator of the amount of attention that it has received. FJ528908). The disease is caused by worm-like parasites which share some morphologic features of arthropods and annelids. Human linguatulosis is a rare but highly specialized pentastomid parasitic infection all around the world. Infection may also be acquired through ingestion of eggs from plants or water in the environment. living in residential areas on the outskirts of large cities or towns. This study was financially supported by the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran (Grant No: 6602). We describe a case of ocular linguatulosis in central Europe and provide molecular data on L. serrata tongue worms. Austria Emerg Infect Dis 17:870872. As a result, we think that physicians should consider L. serrata infestation in patients applying to health foundations with complaints such as pharyngitis accompanied by pharyngeal pain, coughing, sneezing and vomiting. The reason for the presentation of this case is that Linguatula serrata, a parasite rarely encountered in humans, was found in a patient in Van province. Elsevier Health Sciences. A 14-year-old girl was referred to the eye clinic at the Medical University of Vienna with an unknown parasite detected during ophthalmologic examination. https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2010.11.4.480, Article Her chest and sinus radiographs showed no abnormalities. Iran Tropical Animal Health Prod 51:879885. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 29(3):787790, Musharrafeh U, Hamadeh G, Touma A, Fares J (2018) Nasopharyngeal linguatulosis or halzoun syndrome: clinical diagnosis and treatment. The clinical picture of the case was very puzzling and the attack lasted for 15 days. So tongue worm can strangely occur in humans, but it is very rare! 2018 Apr 30;254:78-81. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.03.006. 2014;9(2):282-5. Ocular linguatuliasis in Ecuador: case report and morphometric study of the larva of, First maxillae suction discs in branchiura (Crustacea): development and evolution in light of the first molecular phylogeny of branchiura,pentastomida, and other maxillopoda.. 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