ADVERTISEMENT: Radiopaedia is free thanks to our supporters and advertisers. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. However, many women have follow-u Ovulatory cysts are normal in women of childbearing age. Ovarian Cysts: Seeing the Difference with 3D Ultrasound In the past, ultrasound has helped to differentiate between benign simple cysts and cancerous complex masses. In general, a malignant tumor will have internal structures that can be seen via ultrasound. A ruptured dermoid cyst, for example, may result in. A functional ovarian cyst occurs around ovulation and may swell with fluid. Many people feel anxious when they are hungry. An ectopic pregnancy happens when a fertilized egg grows outside of the uterus. Ovarian cyst usually will go unnoticed a lot of times. Ruptured ovarian cysts are part of your normal menstrual cycle, and most often dissolve on their own. Depending on its size and whether it's fluid filled, solid or mixed, your doctor likely will recommend tests to determine its type and whether you need treatment. Your doctor can also note any changes in your ovaries. Ruptured hemorrhagic ovarian cyst. There are many possible causes for pelvic pain in women. 2. 1. physiological cysts: mean diameter ≤3 cm 1.1. ovarian follicle 1.2. corpus luteum 2. functional cysts (can produce hormones): 2.1. follicular cysts of the ovary(estrogen): >3 cm 2.2. corpus luteum cysts (progesterone) 2.3. theca lutein cyst: gestational trophoblastic disease 2.4. complications in functional cysts: 2.4.1. he… Inflammation of the appendix, known as appendicitis, is a common cause of abdominal pain. A large cyst that ruptures may lead to problems that need immediate care. An ultrasound scan may indicate a ruptured ovarian cyst if it shows a mass and fluids in the pelvis. Many women have ovarian cysts that are not complex. Learn…. If your ruptured cyst has complications, such as heavy or ongoing blood loss, your doctor may want to admit you to the hospital for observation. Ovaries, hemorrhagic ovarian cysts. To prevent STIs, use barrier methods. So, it’s critical to seek treatment if you experience STI symptoms and to make sure your partner is treated. 1. The bottom line? Color Doppler ultrasound image of a simple ovarian cyst demonstrates the characteristic findings of anechoic contents, smooth thin wall, no internal vascularity, and posterior acoustic enhancement. Fibrin strands and retracting clot are highly specific features of hemorrhagic ovarian cysts ( Fig. Will give information about the location and size of the suspected cyst. Ruptured hemorrhagic ovarian cyst. physiological pelvic intraperitoneal fluid, abnormal endometrial thickness (differential), if hemorrhagic, clot may adhere to cyst wall mimicking a nodule but has no blood flow on Doppler imaging, there should not be any internal blood flow, circumferential blood flow in the cyst wall is possible, ruptured cystic ovarian tumor, with possible. Cicchiello LA, Hamper UM, Scoutt LM. Ruptured ovarian cysts are one of the most common causes of acute pelvic pain in premenopausal women. If your healthcare provider finds an unexpected cyst or enlarged ovary during a pelvic exam, you should have a vaginal ultrasound to assess for cancer. There is no axillary or pubic hair. This may result in vomiting or feeling faint. That’s called mittelschmerz [mid-cycle pain],” Brown added. Ruptured hemorrhagic ovarian cyst of the left ovary with free intraperitoneal fluid in a patient with acute onset of abdominal pain. Urine analysis. This sac usually contains fluid, but may sometimes have blood or tissue in it. IBS happens when your colon is irritated. That leftover cyst wall will usually dissolve. It sometimes occurs alongside other mental health conditions. The pain from a ruptured ovarian cyst may come from stretching the capsule of the ovary, torquing of the ovarian pedicle, or leakage of cyst contents (serous fluid/blood) which can cause peritoneal irritation 2. You might feel pain after sexual intercourse or when you’re exercising. Endometriosis happens when the tissue from the lining of your uterus grows outside of the uterus. Periods sometimes become irregular, or may become heavier or lighter than usual. But a scan is not definitive, and the doctor will consider other factors in making a diagnosis. We explore the complex relationship between hunger and anxiety and offer tips for coping with both. Today I run some errands in the morning and make some returns at Target and Loft in the mall, and mail my dan kit. Ovarian cyst ultrasound is the best test for evaluating a ruptured ovarian cyst, but it is not perfect. Sometimes, this blood can end up in your abdominal cavity, and that can become very irritating and you might have more pain,” Brown said. Clin. Most functional ovarian cysts are a normal part of a woman’s cycle, and they’re mostly benign, or noncancerous. Pelvic ultrasound. © 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. In case of a ruptured ovarian cyst, the ultrasound usually will show some fluid around the ovary, and may even show the empty sac. Hitachi Ultrasound System; Browse through our ultrasound product portfolio . We explain this symptom and the possible reasons for your discomfort. Hemorrhagic Cysts . Malignant ovarian cysts are less common in younger women. Uterus visible, fluid in pouch of Douglas deep to bladder and around uterus. Ultrasound and CT scans. So, a ruptured ovarian cyst is a normal part of your menstrual cycle. Right ovarian cyst . Pregnancy test. Most ovarian cysts are harmless. Longitudinal view through pelvis. The majority of cysts are harmless. A ruptured cyst that is not complex can be treated with pain medicine. This cyst will usually change its internal appearance and/or diminish in size. Seek medical care if you have pelvic pain that doesn’t go away. Last medically reviewed on August 31, 2020. If the cyst has ruptured, the ultrasound will show fluid around the ovary and may even reveal an empty, sac-like ulcer. However, in some serious cases the continuous growth may lead to Ruptured Ovarian Cysts and as a result the nearby organs may also get affected. In addition to pain, symptoms of a ruptured ovarian cyst can include: Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs in or on an ovary. Done to see if the cyst may be due to a pregnancy. To confirm the diagnosis, your doctor will have to rule out any other condition with similar symptoms including an ecto… You’re more likely to have a ruptured ovarian cyst if you have a history of ovarian cysts or ruptured ovarian cysts. PID is treatable with antibiotics. Nonfunctional cysts that occur because of a growth in the ovary are much less common. These components give rise to characteristic sonographic features such as a fat‐fluid level, dermoid mesh and tip of the iceberg sign. If you have an ovarian cyst, herbal remedies and other self-care measures can help relieve your symptoms. Computed tomography. When an ultrasound scan finds an ovarian mass, there are guidelines that indicate whether the mass is likely benign or malignant. Functional cysts are usually in this category. Obstet. Normal right ovary . Blood tests to help rule out cancer, including a test for a substance called CA-125. A hemorrhagic cyst or ruptured cyst in a postmenopausal woman deserves surgical evaluation. What are the symptoms of a ruptured ovarian cyst? But when you have pain and other symptoms, it’s best to have your doctor check it out. In a retrospective evaluation of 98 patients diagnosed with a benign ovarian cyst, it was found that 21 patients with a ruptured cyst and 77 patients with ovarian torsion had mean preoperative CRP levels of 6.6 and 0.9 mg/dL, respectively; the mean size of the ovarian cysts also differed significantly between the two groups (6.7 cm and 9.7 cm, respectively). But other types of ovarian cysts may be problematic if they rupture or cause pain or other symptoms. A positive test might suggest that you have a corpus luteum cyst. Most ovarian cysts are small sacs, filled with fluid, on your ovaries. Vaginal culture. An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac within the ovary. Simple ovarian cyst. There isn’t a cure for interstitial cystitis, but symptoms can be treated. See a doctor if your pain is severe or if it’s accompanied by other symptoms such as fever. But some cysts, such as endometriomas, could be on either side. A ruptured ovarian cyst can cause sudden pain in your pelvic area. 30-5 ). North Am. Pelvic pain can have many causes, and some can be life threatening if not treated promptly. Ovarian cyst 3.69 cm. Bottomley C, Bourne T. Diagnosis and management of ovarian cyst accidents. Having a bowel movement usually relieves the pain. A cyst on your ovary can be found during a pelvic exam. These tests may include: An ultrasound scan may indicate a ruptured ovarian cyst if it shows a mass and fluids in the pelvis. If you have a ruptured cyst, learn how to treat it to reduce discomfort and avoid complications. … PID is a bacterial infection of your reproductive organs that may cause pain in your lower abdomen. Occasionally they may produce bloating, lower abdominal pain, or lower back pain. “But sometimes when that cyst wall breaks, there’s a little blood vessel there that can cause some bleeding. Ruptured ovarian cysts and hemorrhagic ovarian cysts are the most common causes of acute pelvic pain in an afebrile, premenopausal woman presenting to the emergency room 1. If a cyst rupture, fluid flows through your fallopian tubes into the uterus and may be seen as discharge. Most are not harmful, have no symptoms, and resolve on their own within a few weeks. This type of cyst contains blood clots or fibrin strands. North Am. In most of the cases ovarian cysts is detected at the later phase because most of the female don’t feel or experience any kind of pain, or any other symptoms that can distinguish or make her undergo any kind of medical screening. These are called “simple” ovarian cysts. These symptoms may be the sign of large ovarian cysts, ruptured cysts, or even a twisted ovary. Vaginal culture. Most ovarian cysts are small, non-cancerous (benign), and cause no symptoms. feeling like you need to urinate constantly. When you ovulate, the cyst or follicle that holds the egg “ruptures” to release the egg. Your ovaries are connected to your uterus and vagina through the fallopian tubes. Hormonal analysis reveals an elevated estradiol level. Dyspareunia — pain during or after sex — is common. Gynecol. If necessary, you’ll have surgery to evaluate and possibly remove the mass. Although rupture of an ovarian follicle is a physiologic event (mittelschmerz (German for 'middle pain’)), the rupture of an ovarian cyst (>3 cm) may cause more dramatic clinical symptoms. The most important differential consideration is a ruptured ectopic pregnancy, of the ovarian pedicle, or leakage of cyst contents (serous fluid/blood) where hemoperitoneum may … The cyst may be looked at with an imaging test such as an ultrasound. If you have severe pelvic pain, see your doctor as soon as possible or go to the emergency room. Pattern recognition on ultrasound often allows a fairly confident diagnosis of common cystic ovarian masses. Most ovarian cyst ruptures are a normal part of your menstrual cycle. Ultrasound. Sudden abdominal or pelvic pain in a woman can be a symptom of a ruptured ovarian cyst. The ruptured ovarian cyst was thought to be the cause of her pain. If your stomach hurts after sex, know that you aren’t alone. If your cyst is bleeding, you might have excessive blood loss. Ovarian cysts in teenagers are fairly common and typically don't cause further issues. “When a woman goes through her normal menstrual cycle, every month we expect a woman to have a cyst,” said Dr. Stacy S. Brown, a board certified OB-GYN at Swedish Hospital in Chicago. 2009;23 (5): 711-24. This can cause inflammation and pain in the pelvic area. But depending on the type of cyst, many instances of a ruptured ovarian cyst can now be managed conservatively because of advances in imaging technology. Ruptured hemorrhagic ovarian cyst transverse. But here are some possible risk factors: Keep up to date with your gynecological examinations so that you can be aware of any existing ovarian cysts and any risk factors you may have. If untreated, an ectopic pregnancy can become a medical emergency. Find out why this happens, how to recognize the symptoms, and more. While you’re admitted to the hospital, they may: In some cases, laparoscopic surgery may be recommended to stop the bleeding. You may not even know that you have them — functional cysts are not only common but normal. 2011;38 (1): 85-114, viii. Rebound tenderness from the pain is possible and the hemorrhage from a cyst can rarely be severe enough to cause shock 2. IBD is long-term inflammation of your gastrointestinal tract that can cause stomach pain. Ruptured ovarian cysts can have a variety of appearances depending on when the rupture took place, and whether the cyst is hemorrhagic or not. Transvaginal ultrasound – an ultrasound probe placed into your vagina to produce a clear picture of your ovaries. If you have an infection, there’s a danger that it will spread. Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst simulating a ruptured ectopic pregnancy in a 23‐year‐old woman with severe acute pelvic pain and a positive β‐hCG finding. The…, The female reproductive system is one of the most vital parts of the human reproductive process. It affects women more than men. On physical examination, the patient has Tanner stage 3 breasts. Blood tests. A hemorrhagic cyst develops from a follicle or a corpus luteum by spontaneous rupture of blood vessels into the cystic cavity. Here are treatments you can do at home. You may undergo several tests to determine the cause of your pain, although not all are included in a routine evaluation of an ovarian cyst. Stomach pain, in particular, often…, The vagina is supplied blood from the vaginal artery. Most cysts don't need to be surgically removed. All rights reserved. Ovarian Cancer vs. Small cystic ovarian structures should be considered normal ovarian follicles unless the patient is pre-pubertal, post-menopausal, pregnant, or the mean diameter is >3 cm (see the 1-2-3 rule). 11 Home Treatments for Ovarian Cyst Symptoms, Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT. The treatment that the doctor prescribes are as follows-Laparotomy. Possible tests include: 1. Free intraperitoneal fluid. A cyst that ruptures may cause no symptoms, or only mild symptoms. Done to check for low levels of iron in the blood (anemia) and infection. Most ruptured cysts can be treated with pain relievers. To monitor for infections and anaemia. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Rupture of an endometrioma can be associated with excessive bleeding. Although a man is needed to reproduce, it is the…, Pyrrole disorder is a clinical condition that causes dramatic shifts in mood. The type of ovarian cyst you have makes a difference in the kind of pain you feel as well as when you feel it. The first step in the diagnosis of ovarian cysts (or a ruptured cyst) is an ultrasound that allows your doctor to see inside your abdomen. Pregnancy tests. Kidney stones can be treated with medication and surgery. Differential considerations on ultrasound include: ADVERTISEMENT: Supporters see fewer/no ads, Please Note: You can also scroll through stacks with your mouse wheel or the keyboard arrow keys. Ruptured cysts that cause mild symptoms can often be managed with pain medicines. Treated conservatively in a premenopausal woman unless evidence of hypovolemic shock (tachycardia and postural drop in blood pressure). The presence of two or more of these typical features can be used to confidently diagnose a dermoid cyst on ultrasound. This can cause periodic abdominal pain that varies in severity. Fluid in pouch of Douglas. The cyst itself may collapse after it opens. Done to check for a pelvic infection. monitor your vital signs and the ratio of your red blood cells to total blood volume (, conduct repeated scans to check for internal bleeding (, cysts larger than 5 centimeters (cm), depending on the type of cyst, possibility that imaged masses may not be benign. Ultrasound tests help to determine the size, location, shape, and composition of the cyst ; CT scan to produce a detailed image of the area to understand the complication better Treatment of ruptured ovarian cyst-The gynecologist prescribes treatment options depending on the tests and the pelvic exam. To check for infections. Radiol. You may be told to watch your symptoms over time. Different kinds of cysts that rupture may cause pain at other times during your menstrual cycle. A pelvic ultrasound reveals a right ovarian cyst with smooth, thin lining and no solid areas. IBS is a chronic condition, requiring treatment to ease symptoms. Done to study other possible causes of your pain. A complex cyst can potentially be a malignant, or cancerous, tumor. It may begin as mild cramping. If a cyst is identified during the ultrasound scan, you may need to have this monitored with a repeat ultrasound scan in a few weeks, or a GP may refer you to a doctor who specialises in … What are other causes of abdominal or pelvic pain? However, if they rupture, you will experience pain in your abdomen and sometimes a new type of discharge. A cyst is a sac that grows on an ovary. Amirbekian S, Hooley RJ. If you have severe pelvic pain, see your doctor or go to the emergency room. The pain is often described as burning and may be severe. Both functional and complex cysts can rupture. Pain is felt on the lower right side of your abdomen or around your belly button. Rebound tenderness from the pain is possible and the hemorrhage from a cyst can rarely be severe enough to cause shock 2. Ovarian torsion occurs when an ovary becomes twisted around its supporting tissues. In some cases, ruptured ovarian cysts (ovulatory and other cyst types) may develop complications and need surgery. Your doctor will take your medical history and do a physical exam. The most important differential consideration is a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. A complex cyst has solid areas inside it, or it can contain bumps or have several fluid-filled areas. Other types of ovarian cysts, such as endometriomas, are not normal. Learn more…. 2. Pain can range from mild to sharp. If you have severe symptoms, seek emergency medical treatment to stop the infection from spreading. It’s important to note that PID can be a complication of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which can permanently affect fertility. The vaginal artery plexus is also known as the vaginal venous plexus. The cyst may or may not be detected, depending on if it causes pain or if the patient receives a pelvic ultrasound or other imaging. Cysts may rupture during pregnancy (if a very early pregnancy, this may cause diagnostic confusion with ectopic pregnancy). Kidney stones are masses of crystals, usually calcium, that can develop in your urinary tract. The cyst itself may collapse after it opens. The most common type of ovarian cyst is produced at the time of the month when you ovulate. It is a common cause of physiological pelvic intraperitoneal fluid. A, Coronal right adnexal sonogram showing a mass with an irregular thick rind (arrows). “A cyst is just a sac of water.”. “One cyst will get pretty big, full of water with one egg inside. But in some cases, you may need surgery to remove the cyst. How is a ruptured cyst managed? Pain or discomfort in the lower tummy (abdomen). Clin. But these structures don’t necessarily mean that the cyst is malignant. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. “Some women will feel the liquid coming out of that cyst with a little discomfort or pain. This information can be helpful to the doctor when making a diagnosis or recommending treatment. Ultrasound imaging is used to distinguish between a simple cyst, such as an ovulatory cyst, and a more complex one. This may be an indication of another health concern. Endometriosis is a chronic condition that can usually be managed with treatment. If a candidate is found, it should fulfill the criteria for a cyst: If a hemorrhagic cyst ruptures, then low-level echo hemoperitoneum maybe present in the pouch of Douglas, Morison's pouch, or in the left upper quadrant. While an ultrasound is the best method of evaluating a ruptured cyst, it has its limitations. During the test, the technician is able to measure the size of a cyst or tumor as well as the reproductive organs. A complete blood count will also likely be done to check for signs of infection and blood loss. Exactly why a cyst ruptures isn’t known. Here are some possible causes and symptoms that may differ from those of a ruptured ovarian cyst. Usually the body absorbs the contents (blood, mucus and fluid) of a ruptured cyst without the need for medical intervention. Find out more about the causes of ovarian cysts. Ovarian dermoid cysts are made up of solid, cystic and fat tissue. The pain may be constant or intermittent. A complete blood count (CBC) may be used to check for signs of infection or other abnormalities. According to some research, of the 5 to 10 percent of women who have surgery for ovarian cysts, 13 to 21 percent of the cysts are found to be malignant. 2. Transverse view of pelvis. Often they cause no symptoms. Transabdominal ultrasound – a scan over your lower abdomen to check for any problems around your pelvic area. This means that in many cases the diagnostic work-up is based on determining the probability that we are dealing with a lesion which falls into the category of a simple cyst, hemorrhagic cyst, endometrioma or a mature cystic teratoma (commonly referred to as a dermoid cyst). The earlier your cyst is … This artery is found only in females. A ruptured hemorrhagic cyst in a perimenopausal woman should be viewed more suspiciously and followed up appropriately. Pregnancy test. What are the complications of an untreated ovarian cyst? Other factors that may indicate the need for surgery are: Some cysts larger than 5 cm (even as big as 10 cm) don’t always need to be surgically removed. Most ovarian cysts are related to ovulation, being either follicular cysts or corpus luteum cysts. Pain may only occur when you have sex. In this article, we’ll cover what to look for if you think you have a ruptured ovarian cyst as well as other possible causes for sudden abdominal pain. Ultrasound Evaluation of Pelvic Pain. “Maybe three or four little cysts will grow in the ovaries,” Brown said. Ultrasound evaluation of gynecologic causes of pelvic pain. If the cyst either breaks open or causes twisting of the ovary, it may cause severe pain. The pain is usually sharp and most often on the lower right side. In cases with potential problems with some types of cysts, your doctor may advise you to take oral contraceptives to prevent ovulation and cyst formation. Many women experience occasional ovary pain. Cysts may rupture during pregnancy (if a very early pregnancy, this may cause diagnostic confusion with ectopic pregnancy). This was mistaken for a ruptured ectopic pregnancy but was identified as a ruptured hemorrhagic cyst at laparoscopy. The pain from an ovarian cyst is likely to begin at the midpoint of your menstrual cycle. 3. Symptoms of a ruptured ovarian cyst can usually be managed with conservative treatment such as over-the-counter pain medication and rest. See your doctor as soon as possible for severe or sudden pain. A ruptured cyst can mimic symptoms of ovarian torsion or cause torsion. In most cases, a ruptured functional ovarian cyst will go away on its own and you may not know that it was there. It may require surgery. If a GP thinks you may have an ovarian cyst, you'll probably be referred for an ultrasound scan, carried out by using a probe placed inside your vagina. The sonographic appearance depends on whether a simple or hemorrhagic ovarian cyst ruptures, and whether the cyst has completely collapsed. Ruptured ovarian cysts and hemorrhagic ovarian cysts are the most common causes of acute pelvic pain in an afebrile, premenopausal woman presenting to the emergency room 1. Interstitial cystitis is a chronic inflammation of your bladder muscles, which can cause pain in your pelvis and abdomen. Created with. Blood test. A ruptured ovarian cyst is a cyst that breaks open. Unable to process the form. Some ovarian cysts cause problems which may include one or more of the following: 1. The diagnosis of a ruptured ovarian cyst usually starts with an ultrasound. Appendicitis can quickly become a medical emergency. Your doctor will confirm the diagnosis by ruling o… The investigators mentioned … Symptoms may increase during menstruation or pregnancy. Other types include cysts … To rule out pregnancy. This can cause sharp pain in the pelvic area as well as your shoulder or neck. 2014;52 (6): 1215-1235. Check for errors and try again. Then, around the middle of your cycle, that cyst with the egg will pop and release the egg. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are two types of inflammatory bowel disease affecting different parts of your gastrointestinal tract. IBD is thought to be hereditary and can be managed with treatment. Some simple cysts can be managed if you’re premenopausal. An ovarian cyst ultrasound is usually ordered when a doctor suspects that a patient's discomfort is stemming from a cystic ovary or other abnormality, such as a tumor mass. A point of care ultrasound shows that the maximum point of tenderness is over an inflamed appendix. Ignoring the symptoms can lead to complications: Pain in the abdominal or pelvic area can have many causes, including indigestion and gas. The vaginal artery is said to come from either the uterine…, The vaginal plexuses are two arteries that are on either side of the vagina. Treating a ruptured ovarian cyst. In most cases, a ruptured ovarian cyst without complications will be treated conservatively with observation and pain medication. Diagnosing ovarian cysts. A simple-appearing and fluid-filled structure without solid growths and no extra blood flow likely indicate a benign cyst. This happens every month unless you get pregnant.”. Although it's likely related to your menstrual cycle, it may be a sign of an underlying condition. In some cases, you may need to have follow-up ultrasound tests. In the past, a ruptured ovarian cyst with bleeding and low blood pressure was routinely treated with surgery. The stones cause intense abdominal or back pain. Use sound waves to see the size, shape, and location of the cyst. The size of an ovarian cyst can vary depending on what type of cyst it is. {"url":"/signup-modal-props.json?lang=us\u0026email="}. Usually the body absorbs the contents ( blood, mucus and fluid ) of a ruptured cyst! Abdominal pain or if it ’ s a danger that it was there to study possible... Body absorbs the contents ( blood, mucus and fluid ) of a growth in pelvic... That rupture may cause diagnostic confusion with ectopic pregnancy occurs around ovulation and may even an! The maximum point of care ultrasound shows that the maximum point of ultrasound... Symptom of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy or a corpus luteum cyst see a doctor if your stomach hurts sex... Medical intervention cases, ruptured cysts can be life threatening if not treated promptly after sex is! Tumor ruptured ovarian cyst ultrasound have internal structures that can develop in your ovaries are connected to your uterus may... As an ovulatory cyst, it may cause pain or other abnormalities other factors in making a diagnosis it. Have pelvic pain in your pelvis and abdomen it to reduce discomfort and avoid complications confidently a! Internal structures that can cause pain in your pelvic area: ovarian cysts, or only mild symptoms often. Ultrasound scan may indicate a ruptured ectopic pregnancy — pain during or sex! Spontaneous rupture of blood vessels into the cystic cavity it has its limitations on the lower tummy ( ). Of water with one egg inside or corpus luteum cysts tumor will have internal that! 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